American Social-Democrat (Garvin, Okla.), Vol. 1, No. 27, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 1, 1910 Page: 2 of 4
four pages : ill. ; page 22 x 15 in. Digitized from 35 mm. microfilm.View a full description of this newspaper.
Extracted Text
The following text was automatically extracted from the image on this page using optical character recognition software:
1
I
1
1
i
(
i
i
H
i
3
u
c
I
1
f
'l
I
I
t
a
t
a
f
£
c
£
r
d
i
n
b
ii
n
r
g
vv
ii
w
C(
fc
b
ai
ai
m
ei
a
P
C
as
S
tt
w
le
jo
b:
cs
C
N
T
G
ta
11
pa
ti
e’
vi
la
al
P
E
Pi
tl
it
AMERICAN SCCML-DEMOCRAT
D r CLOTH Uit (W fop
CARVIM
OKLAHOMA
OKLAHOMA HAPPENINGS
Negroes ar being driven from Daw-
eon after the aborting of a deputy
abertff by a negro
A late report glvea Oklahoma City
an Increase of twenty-four factories
over lust year's report
Lookoba has organised a commercial
club with O M Hardy as presldont
and George Goodin secretary
A passing engine set Are to flfty-flve
bales of cotton at Henryeia Thursday
The loss is estimated at $2000
F C Harris cashier of the Farmers'
State Dank at Ada bas been Indicted
by the grand jury there charged with
falsifying records cf the bank
The Norman cotton seed oil mill
bas been sold by S A Ambruslter to
J G Lindsay J 8 Lindsay and E R
Chastain for $72000
The McAlester-Edwards Coal com-
pany of McAlcster bas appealed to the
supreme coirrt a suit In which Charles
E Pruitt an Injured employe ob-
tained Judgment for $2500
Farmers' Educational
and Co-Operative
Union of America
Matters Especial Moment to
the Progressive Agriculturist
The Western Bank and Supply com-
pany of Oklahoma City Friday filed no-
tice with the secretary of state of the
Increase of its capital stock from $20-
000 to $50000
The editors of the Thomas Tribune
have returned from tbe republic of
Mexico They report that the shatter
ed grain is still golden and the morn-
ing sunlight fresh and fair
Tbe Clinton Dally Chronicle has sus-
pended publication The Weekly
Chronicle will appear hereafter Clin-
ton oughtn't to stand for that Folk
generally thought it was a better town
Tbe Prairie Oil & Gas Co bas bought
the properties of four oil and gas com-
panies In the Osage country for a con-
sideration of $2000000 Tbe lands em-
brace 28000 acres
Trouble will meet sny man half way
Opportunity seldom comes wltb
letter of Introduction
A wise mnn says Just enough and
then puts the lid on
Cheerfulness Is often the art of con
ceallng your real follngs
Many a budding genius has devel
oped Into a blooming Idiot
When the milk of human kindness
Is loppered It tastes very sour
There was never a cloud so thick
that the sun could not dispel It
You cannot take a correspondence
course In the school of experience
One of tbe commonest forms of be-
ing conceited Is thinking you aren't
Tbe only people wbo can't seo tbe
bright side of Hie are those who won't
look
Tbe other fellow has no mors brains
that you have but he may use them
better
When the worst of one gets the
best of one It Is high time to take a
new course
A grey and witty observer of life
says that the way to keep the boy on
tbe farm la to board tbe school-ma'am
Which would you rather be a bamboo-rod
fisherman without any fish
or an alderpole boy with a full string?
Patience ordinarily Is commendable
but the kind of patience now needed
for the reform of politics Is of the
hair-trigger variety
The merchant who cultivated the
good quality of courtesy in business as
little as some farmers do would go
bankrupt InBide six months
Some folks are so pessimistic that
they refuse to take the cup of life's
gladness today because they are
afraid they may go thirsty tomorrow
Some people like the moon shine
with reflected radiance They can be
bright enough If their surroundings
QUALITY SELLS EVERY TIME
Farmer That Produces First Class Ar-
tlcls Hss Least Fault to Find
With Market Price
Wo bear a great deal nowadnys
about tho necessity of organisation
among producers In order to secure
a market Soclctloa of Equity and
Farmers' Alliances are forming all
over tho country with tho central
thought of holding produce and thus
forcing a market by creating a short-
age Now 1 am a firm believer In or-
ganization among producers In order
to help Individual members yet t hold
that the real boneflt to be derived from
such organization llos not In tbe pow-
er that may come from combination as
against the middlemen and ultimately
against the consumer but In the ed-
ucation and personal assistance the
organization may render Its members
In producing a superior article and In-
structing them along the Unea of eco-
nomical production and final market-
ing of their produce writes W X Sud-
death In Campbell's Sclentlflo Perm-
ing Quality will always command a mar-
ket and other things being equal will
sell first as against quantity It has
always been a first thought In my
life "how to produce a first class ar-
ticle" no matter what because I have
found that when I succeed In doing
so I bad no difficulty In finding a buy-
er Buyers are always on the qul
vlve for quality My good father used
to say that "be was farthest from
market who bad nothing to sell that
tbe other fellow wanted" In these
days of rapid transportation buyers are
scouring the earth for quality and are
paying the top of the market for It
when they find it All the producer
has to do Is to grow the quality and
let It be known that he really has the
goods and he will be sold out even
before the stuff Is matured
The central Idea In the potato bake
we pulled off during tbe Dry Farming
Congress was to show that our local
products were the best that could be
produced We served 5000 free
lunches and the constant remark I
heard while attending the shows east
this fall was: "Those spuds were sure
good" “That Billings Creamery but-
ter Is all right” “Those welners were
fine" and "Montana elder Is most as
good as champagne”
A fuller but yet Incomplete cotton i
gin report was Issued Saturday by the ! ar® bright But it is better to be like
state board of agriculture It shows tbe sun a center radiating life and
that to October 1 117258 bales had 1J6bL
been ginned Of this number 115655
were square bales and 2211 round
bales
SWT YOUR MONEY
Om Mi ( T ut‘ PtfU mm MMy ddUt fct
MU ir ilMtMi 1 h llitraf
I flcfe !
Falk acmI bUwMMm iilltw ?$
b
WOM
FLORIDA VIEWS
AIM
tl UftiuUul
gFFiipg ntvFii fr u
BFW ttbrlW to bm lln
tr1d lit tt frmilh 1 wtrltttf rrp
fbM ot Kurut ItU It Invftiufttri
ho nr !nUrrut In im iropU
Full of beautiful lriitre tinrlra kMorjr 4
current iwtillur to Land of livwar
U SI UU Mud lr aanipla copy
mr rrmtiuA nmmo
19 lUalijr llaUUuijf d4iiMiivUl Flfr
Manchester England— The loekout I Cleveland O— President W O Lee
of their employee by tho Federation of of the Brotherhood of Railroad Train-
Cotton Spinners has gone Into effect I men made public a list of questions
About eighty per cent of the mills which has been mailed to all lodges
owned by members of the federation of his organization the Brotherhood
shut down and some 150000 employes of Locomotive Engineers and the Or-
were locked out All efforts at a set- der of Railway Conductors to be sub-
tlementof the trouble were abandoned milted to all candidates for congress ’ LEFT TO A WORSE FATE
when a representative of the board of and state legislatures asking their I
iraiIf found Impossible to get the stand on legislation affecting tbe Dynamiter Himself a Married Men
employers and men to reach an agree- three organizations "Counting our
ment The lockout originated over a membership of 112000 and their
small strike In tbe Fern mills at Old-1 frlonds we control a million votes"
ham over working conditions there suld Mr Lee "Those votes will he
Only some seventy-five men were In- cast as the candidates answer" Tho
volved but the unions all through the questions on which candidates have
district supported the strikers and re- been asked to express an opinion In-
fused to orbltrato the trouble Tho elude "An act providing for compen-
employers thereupon gave notice that sntlon to workers when injured in the
unless tbe strike was submitted to service of a railroad An employers'
arbitration a general loekout would be liability law without a contributory
inaugurated It is thought that many negligence clause except In cases of
thousands In addition to those at once misconduct Compulsory arbitration
thrown out of work will be ultimately which railway workers oppose An
affected by the strike As tbe result anti-injunction bill A bill regulating
of a further attempt at conciliation the number of experienced workmen
on the part of Councillor Howell the In a crew and providing for amend-
Unionist candidate for parliament In menu to the 16 hour continuous serv-
North Manchester an agreement of Ice law"
somo sort may be expected In a few SL Louis— Perfecting arrangements
day8 I 1° fight the $750000 damage suit filed
Melbourne Australia — Australia by Charles V Post of Battle Creek
claims tbe oldest trade unionist off- Mich a stockholder of the Bucks'
clal in the world He Is Mr James Stove & Range company Samuel Gom-
Wardley the president of the Mel- pers presldont of the American Fed-
bourne bakers’ union and he Is In his eratlon of Labor and Attorneys F I
ninety-fifth year In spite of his great Mulholland of Toledo O and J H
age he Is hale and hearty and regu- Ralston of Washington D C repr
larly takes the chair at the meetings sentlng the American Federation of the dynamiter and quietly slipped ouL
of the union Not only that but he Labor held a conference with Fred-' —Illustrated Bits
works every night at his trade He Is erick W Lehmann John F Iee and
a native of Exeter Devonshire Eng- F W Lehmann Jr F W Gardner
land and he confesses that he Is a general manager of the Buck's com-beer-drinker
But that he explains Is pany and Harry Thomas acting presi-
Joseph Atwater a negro who was re-
fused a vote In the primary election
has appealed his case to the supreme
court He wants the trial heard be-
fore November 8th
Following the locking up of all ballot
boxes in Pottawatomie county some
weeks ago 60 they may be investigat-
ed if such was ordered and now the
calling of a special grand Jury by Dis-
trict Judge Hoffman there is consider-
able speculation as to what the jury is
to do
Members of the first and second ses-
elons of the state legislature will hold
their annual reunion and banquet on
Statehood Day Nov 16 Senator Clar-
ence Davis of Sapulpa is president of
the organization
An election is to be held in Checo-
tah on Tuesday at which the proposi-
tion of issuing bonds in the sum of i growth of legumes and the skillful
$40000 for the purpose of installing a j management of fertilizers the worn-
KNAPP PLAN OF AGRICULTURE
Attained Remarkable Results' In Pre-
venting Wreckage of Cotton In-
dustry by Boll Weevil
n
The Farmers’ Co-Operative Demon
stration Work Inaugurated In 1904
to introduce a better system of agri-
culture in the South and specifically
to prevent the wreckage of the cotton
Industry after the advent of the boll
weevil bas attained remarkable re-
sults From one field agent It bas In-
creased to 430 from one farm to 60000
farms from a few farmers Instructed
to 75000 Instructed from work In one
state to work In 12 states
Dr S A Knapp of tbe Department
of Agriculture who Is at the head of
this work employs the most success-
ful methods known to scientific farm-
ing By better drainage better prep-
aration of the soil better selection of
seed and better tillage the yield has
been greatly increased' and by th
Popularity of Thais
"Every other young actress Is call-
Ing herself Thais" said Henry E Dlx-
an acquired Australian taste In his I dent were also present the company ey at a dinner at Mauquln’s “Thais
u native land he Imbibed nothing but having been named as codefendant McGinnis Thais Endlcott Thala
That’s the way& to get people to talk- Devonshire cider which he considers in the suit While decrying the Post ' Schmidt— the thing Is unlversaL
q r r i fvf finoct Hrinlr In tna w nrln HA I ovitf o a aiMh t li i I
ing and they will buy tbe goods and
pay top prices for them
the finest drink in the world He I suit as flimsy brought without real I "Universal and ridiculous for they
emigrated to Australia in 1852 foundation and to gain notoriety it ! who have read Anatole France’s story
New York — As an effect of the lock- was decided that answer be made at of ‘Thais’ know that she was a vdry
out and strike of bricklayers other an early date In the federal court at naughty little girl indeed I am quite
trades were thrown Into idleness In-1 SL I-ouIs While the defendants are sure that no real reader of ’Thais’
this dissatisfaction was generally due cludlng carpenters tin and sheet Iron wishing so they say to ignore Post’s would ever under any circumstances
to a misunderstanding of the situation j worker8 housesmlths sheet metal suit as much as possible they are com-1 consent to be called such a name
It makes me think of a man who
taking his Infant daughter to be bap-
Used told tbe clergyman to call her
The middleman cannot create a mar- I workers plasterers plumbers electri- pelled to make a defense to prevent
ket he simply supplies the demand I clans steamfltters and cement ma- Judgment by default
and no matter how much he may ad- ! 80ns- Delegates appointed to investl- Boston— A satisfactory adjustment
vertlse his wares If they have not S81® working conditions in different) of the wage and working rules of the Venus -
quality he will find them a drug on j of the city reported that 700 five thousand conductors and motor-1 “ ’Dut I refuse to call her Venus’
the market It’s quality that sells all ! derrickmen employed by the Mason men employed by the Boston & North- said the clergyman Indignantly' 'Ve-
the- time and this phase of the ques- i Builders' association were forced to ern and Old Colony Street railway nus is the name of a pagan goddess
Uon lies’ with the producer and not ! quit and 11181 hundreds of buildings systems was agreed on The newt ’“'Well bow about your own girt
with the middleman The farmer that on each 8ide of which there were larS® 8cale which will be in force four Diana?’ said the man1
produces a first class article has the I n“mbers of building mechanics at years gives every carman an Increase
Thank You’s"
The man who Is not tbankkful for
the lessons be learned In adversity
sanitary sewer system is to be sub-
mitted Very little opposition has been
manifested to the proposition
out Boil of many places has been re-
deemed The superiority of the dem
onstration methods may be seen by
a few comparative figures Last year
In a letter to Spitzer & Co bankers in Virginia 896 farmers working under
of Toledo Ohio the attorney general ' the direction of Dr Knapp’s agents
Wednesday notified the company that ' averaged 41 bushels of corn to the
the sale of real estate on which delln-! acre while the average yield of the
quent street improvement taxes are 6tate was 23 bushels In North Caro-
accrued may take place after tbe first llna the demonstration men averaged
Monday In November 40 bushels and the state 168 bushels
In this state also Dr Knapp averaged’
Papers of incorporation were issued '1238 pounds of seed cotton per acre
Thursday to the First State Bank of
Webbers Falls Capitalization $10000
Harry Foster was cleared of a mur-
der charge at Alva Thursday He
shot his father while defending his
mother
Charged with attempted arson Cliff
Cannon and Morris Farris two prom-
inent young men of Tulsa were ar-
rested at Chant by Deputy Sheriff Jim
Henry of that place They are alleged
to have tried to burn the property of a
mining company at Chant
According to the state board of agri-
culture September was a hard month
on cotton At the beginning of the
month reports showed the crop to be
845 per cent and at the beginning
of October to be 713 a decrease of
132 per cent in the month How-
ever at this tim elast year the crop
condtion was only 542 per cent show-
ing this year's crop to be 171 per cent
better than last year There is also
an increase in acreage "this year over
last
The Nowata county grand Jury has
returned 192 indictments principally
against men charged with violation of
the prohibition law Fred S Caldwell
a state enforcement attorney has been
in charge of the grand Jury
One of the best exhibits at the State
Fair was that of McIntosh county
Four premiums were won which is
above the average number for county
exhibits The McIntOEh exhibit was
one of the few from the east side of
the state The exhibits were in charge
pf M W Brown of Eufaula
on an acreage of 2200 acres and the
state approximately 600 pounds In
Georgia Dr Knapp averaged 1303
pounds against 700 for the 6tate Mer-
chants In some sections agree to sup-
ply the farmers only on condition that
they use Dr Knapp’s methods
The most striking thing accomplish-
ed by the movement last year and this
has been tbe restoration of confidence
In the delta sections of Mississippi and
Louisiana by demonstrating that cot-
ton can he raised successfully in spite
of the boll weevil By planting a cot
ton that matures early by shallow and
Intensive cultivation to hasten ma-
turity and by destruction of the punc-
tured squares it has been proved that
an excellent yield can be made in
spite of the weevil and no further pan-
ic need be expected when this pest
invades a section
The Boys’ Corn club with 46000
boys now learning scientific farming
Is one of the most Important divisions
of tbe work and means that hereafter
many young men will remain on the
farm to attain distinction and leader-
ship instead of flocking to the cities
for competition in crowded employ-
ments The great value of the work Is In
so readjusting agriculture as to make
it a matter of large profit the outcome
of which 'Is to reconstruct the rural
home and give lo country life the po-
tential Influence It syould have — Collier's
Fall Pigs
There Is no doubt that many fall
tigs never show profit nor Is there
any doubt but that they can be made
to show profit-
work will be deserted of 14 cents an hour for a nine-hour
Lynn Mass — The employes of the workday Men working in the shops
Boston & Northern Street railway will receive a five per cent Increase
voted to accept the offer of the com- The two companies operate lines didn’t learn any
pany granting them 1 cents an hour throughout Eastern Massachusetts- j There must be plenty of thankfuV
Increase in pay Four weeks ago tbe Boston — Charles Dold of Chicago ne88 11 llle world 1 those wbo have
union asked for an increase of five international president of the piano! i loved and ost could know Just what
cents an hour The Increase effects organ and musical instrument makers’ they have lo8t
Leaves would not be regarded as a the Old Colony railway also Another union P J Flannery of SL Louis in-1 “Why are you giving thanks? They
good substitute for macadam In most trouble was the price for work on the ternational president of the A F of L 1 took $10000 from you In Wall street
parts of the country but they serve aa ! snow plows The company offered to freight handlers' union and Interna- a Bttle while ago didn’t they?”
road making material very satlsfactor- raise the rate from 30 cents to 35 tional President Malre of the carriage I "Yes but I got out with $20 they
ily in Florida Miles of road In that cents an hour and then the offer was and wagon workers’ union are In Bos- dldn’4 kaow I had” — Judge
state would be practically impassable accepted j ton conducting organizing campaigns j — — —
on account of the deep sand If the London England— The national fed- Boston— Boilermakers’ lodges of the ’ Ther are People who would do
long-leaf pine wasn’t used The leaves eratlon of women workers of Great state are to ask that a law be passed rea acls because they wait fo
of this tree look something like straw Britain has included marriage dowry to license all boilermakers who do re- great dPP°rtunItle8 Ilf® Passes and
They are raked over the sandy road- in its constitution The stipulation on pair work on boilers At present the th6 acts of loe aro not done at aU’“‘
bed every October and form a road this subject reads as follows:-"In the boilermakers claim much repair work "
that reminds one of a velvet carpeL j event of marriage of a member if she is done by tinkers laborers and others
A horse doesn’t make the slightest has been a full member for two years not familiar with boilers to the en-
noise in traveling over one of these : and has not received out-of-employ- dangerment of the lives of the public
roads- ment or sick benefits during the period and the safety of property
I of her membership the central conn- Boston— A number of the ofllelals
j ell shall refund 10 per ccnL of the f-f railroad brotherhoods employed by
1 amount of her contributions provided t'le B & M railroad have sent to fhe
she is leaving her trade and termlna-1 railroad commissioners a protest
ting her membership" e(Tainst a charter being given the pro-
Berlin Germany — The negotiations posed jBoeton & Eastern railroad It
ouhf have a tendency to reduce
ages tbe labor officials who sign the
protest state
Boston — The
After the harvest is over there will
be time to go over the orchard and
cut out any suckers which have grown
from
the head A
no more growth on them this season I mfta! wTork®rs UP t0 tbe resent hava
Mulch any young trees to protect the ! faIled' Both stfTS aDd rkT" at
roots from drying out and watch for m®®t‘“f8 Hamburg declared their
any blight or scab and if found spray determination not to withdraw from
their respective positions Nearly
at once and as often aa may be nec i
essary
Use of Wood Ashes-
Wood ashes can be used for any
crops that need potash and they may
100000 men are affected in Berlin
alone while it Is estimated that at
least 500000 throughout Germany will
be turned out on October 8
Boston — Boston bricklayers and
stonemasons’ union members volun
tartly quit work on several jobs In this
be applied at the rate of 25 to 50 ! city Local grievance were the cause
bushels per acre For cultivated crops on each Nearly all the jobs struck
they should be applied broadcast after j however were being done by contract-
the land has been harrewed and then ors who are members of the New York
cultivated In by a light harrowiDg Mason Builders’ association which has
They can be used also as a top dress- j inaugurated a lockout against union
Ing In connection with phosphate fer-1 bricklayers In that city Two of the
tinkers I largest local firms settled at once both
In this city and New York
n e Boston — A state council of Journey
Pumpkins for Swine men barbers’ unions is to be formed
to advocate the passage of a barbers’
A Pennsylvania department of agrl-1 ucense law In this state Sixteen
culture bulletin says that pumpkins ejates now have such a law The pub-
belong to the same class of foods as j jjc beaith would be safeguarded by
roots giving bulk and succulence to Bucb a Bystem the barbers claim
the ration and thus promoting thrlfL
They are recommvded very highly
for swine The squash may be count-
ed as equal to the pumpkin in feeding
value
Stomach of Calves
The stomach of the young calf is
very delicate hence changes in feed-
ing must be made slowly The calf
will begin to eat grain and bay when
tt Is about four weeks of age Shelled
corn Is about the best grain feed as
It takes the place of cream In the
mfTlc
Boston — Andrew C Hughes of New-
ton has been re-elected International
president of the coopers’ union Ed-
ward H Gearney of this city was
elected international vice-president of
the national association of steam en-
gineers Michael J Young of the Bos-
ton union was re-elected International
vice-president of the united house-
smiths’ and bridge and structural Iron
“workers’ union
Washington — A F of L has given
notice of tbe formation of a clothing
trades’ department on lines similar
to those of tbe building railroad unioD
label and metal trades’ departments
boilermakers’
and
helpers’ unions of the state have be- 6lave to coffee that the very aroma
n an agitation to have boilermakers offt was ?nougU toseh nerves
who do repair work licensed At pres-
ent (he larger amount of repairs on
boiler Is done by others than boiler-
makers to tbe disregard of the safety
of lives and property the boilermakers
claim
Boston — Reports received by the
quivering I kept gradually losing my
health but I used to say ‘Nonsense it
don’t hurt me’
"Slowly I was forced to admit th
truth and tbe final result was that my
whole nervous force was shattered
“My heart became weald and uncer-
Boston carpenters’ unions from the In- lan lt3actlon a"d lbat frgMened
ternational convention shows that the ®e’ Finally my physician told me
membership is now 200712 in good a yetr ag0’ Tthat mu8t
standing and also that the brother- ' drInklDS coffe® or cld dever
hood has paid more than a million of to bo ®SaIn
dollars In benefits since its organlza- de8Par’ "0T
Uon
Augusta Me — A campaign to secure
the very
thought of the medicines I had tried
so many limes nauseated me Z
wage Increase for all the union ‘h°ught oP0st but could hardly
blacksmiths and helpers of New Eng-
land Is now being conducted by Inter-
naUonal Organizer W J Doughtery
Rochester N Y — Cornelius J Dris-
coll of Boston metal polishers buff-
ers and platers’ union Is In this city
conducting an organizing campaign for
the International union
Cairo III — The employes of the
Chicago Mill & Lumber company
struck for an Increase In pay The
mill Is shut down pending an answer
from headquarters at Chicago The
wages of the men were cut about two
years ago with a promise that they
would be restored when times got bet-
ter and the men decided to wait no
longer for the Increase and demanded
it now Four hundred are affected
Manchester England — The Federa-
tion of Master Cotton Spinners de-
clared a lockout of 130000 operaUves
and closed the doors of the 700 mills
owned by Its members
bring myself to give up the coffee
“Finally I concluded that I owed It
to myself to give Postum a trial So I
got a package and carefully followed
the directions and what a delicious
nourishing rich drink It was! Do you
know I found It very easy to shift
from coffee to Postum and not mind
the change at all?
“Almost Immediately after I mads
the change I found myself better and
as the days went by I kept on Improve
Ing My nerves grew sound and
steady I slept well and felt strong
and well-balanced all tbe time
"Now I am completely cured wilh
tho old nervousness and sickness all
gone In every way I am well once
more"
It pays to give up the drink that
sets on some like a poison for health
is the greatest fortune one can have
Read the little book “The Road to
Wcllvtlle” In pkgs “There's a Reason”
’ VI
I
I
Upcoming Pages
Here’s what’s next.
Search Inside
This issue can be searched. Note: Results may vary based on the legibility of text within the document.
Tools / Downloads
Get a copy of this page or view the extracted text.
Citing and Sharing
Basic information for referencing this web page. We also provide extended guidance on usage rights, references, copying or embedding.
Reference the current page of this Newspaper.
Cloyd, D. P. American Social-Democrat (Garvin, Okla.), Vol. 1, No. 27, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 1, 1910, newspaper, December 1, 1910; Garvin, Oklahoma. (https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc2308409/m1/2/: accessed June 8, 2024), The Gateway to Oklahoma History, https://gateway.okhistory.org; crediting Oklahoma Historical Society.